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ALS Knowledge Graph Ontology Model

Comprehensive ontology model for the ALS Knowledge Graph (ALS-KG). Uses a local default namespace for ALS-specific classes and slots, explicit Biolink/ontology URIs only for externally defined concepts and predicates, direct object properties for canonical KG edges, and optional evidence-bearing association classes for provenance-rich statements.

URI: https://cair2015.github.io/als-kg

Name: als_kg

Classes

Class Description
NamedEntity Root class for all named entities in the ALS-KG ontology
        OntologyClass Abstract base for entity classes (nodes in knowledge graph)
                Anatomy Anatomical structure (UBERON ontology)
                BiologicalConcept Abstract base for functional/biological concepts from GO and related ontologi...
                        BiologicalProcess Gene Ontology Biological Process term
                        CellularComponent Gene Ontology Cellular Component term
                        MolecularFunction Gene Ontology Molecular Function term
                        Pathway Reactome pathway entity representing a curated biological pathway or reaction...
                ChemicalEntity Abstract base for chemical and pharmacological entities (drugs, exposures, me...
                        Drug Pharmaceutical compound (DrugBank model)
                        ExposureOrStressor Environmental exposure or chemical stressor from CTD ontology
                DiseaseOrPhenotype Abstract parent class for all disease/phenotype entities
                        Disease Disease entity
                                DiseaseSubtype Molecularly-defined disease subtype derived from clustering analysis (transcr...
                        Phenotype Phenotypic feature (HPO term)
                MolecularEntity Abstract base for molecular-level entities (genes, proteins, variants)
                        Gene Human gene entity (Entrez/NCBI model)
                                TranscriptionFactor Gene encoding a transcription factor (TF)
                        Protein Protein product (UniProt model)
                        Variant Genetic sequence variant (ClinVar model)
Relationship Abstract base for reified relationships (edges with explicit properties)
        Association Abstract base for optional evidence-bearing associations
                DiseaseDiseaseAssociation Optional association for Disease -> Disease when disease-disease edges need r...
                DiseasePhenotypeAssociation Optional association for Disease -> Phenotype when the clinical feature requi...
                DrugDiseaseTherapeuticAssociation Optional association for Drug -> Disease when therapeutic indication, approva...
                DrugTargetAssociation Optional association for Drug -> MolecularEntity when action type, binding af...
                ExposureDiseaseAssociation Optional association for ExposureOrStressor -> Disease when epidemiology, mec...
                GeneDiseaseAssociation Optional association for Gene -> Disease when causal/risk/protective or corre...
                GeneExpressionAssociation Optional association for Gene -> Anatomy when expression level, specificity, ...
                ProteinPathwayAssociation Optional association for Protein -> Pathway when Reactome evidence code, sour...
                ProteinProteinInteractionAssociation Optional association for Protein -> Protein when interaction score, interacti...
                TranscriptionFactorRegulationAssociation Optional association for TranscriptionFactor -> Gene when direction, confiden...
                VariantDiseaseAssociation Optional association for Variant -> Disease when variant-level evidence, clin...
                VariantProteinEffectAssociation Optional association for Variant -> Protein when protein consequence, predict...

Slots

Slot Description
action_type inhibitor, activator, binder, antagonist, agonist, modulator, ASO_knockdown, ...
adjusted_p_value Multiple-testing-adjusted p-value when available
aggregation_prone Known to form aggregates (TDP-43, SOD1, FUS)
als_approved FDA approval status for ALS treatment
als_class ALS-specific classification (causal, risk, modifier, protective)
als_relevance Flagged as ALS-relevant in literature
als_risk_tier Evidence tier for ALS association (ALSoD classification) - definitive, strong...
anatomical_system Anatomical system classification
approval_status approved, investigational, withdrawn, off_label, failed_trial, or unknown
assay Functional assay or computational method supporting the effect
association_id Stable identifier for the association record
association_label Human-readable summary of the association
association_score Source-specific gene-disease association score
association_type causal, risk_factor, protective, modifier, biomarker, or correlative
binding_affinity_nm Binding affinity in nanomolar when available
bto_id Brenda Tissue Ontology ID
cas_number CAS Registry number
chembl_id ChEMBL compound ID
chromosome Cytogenetic location (e
clinical_correlate Associated clinical feature or phenotype
clinical_phase Highest clinical development phase for ALS or ALS subtype
clinical_significance ClinVar clinical interpretation
clinvar_id
cluster_id Cluster number from analysis
cluster_method Clustering approach (NMF, WGCNA, scRNA-seq, consensus)
cohort Source patient cohort (AnswerALS, NYGC, PRO-ACT)
comment Informal comment or note on entity
component_name Cellular component name from GO
confidence Confidence or quality score (0
confidence_level Source-specific confidence level such as DoRothEA A-D
ctd_id
definition Textual definition following OBO definition format
disease_1
disease_2
disease_affects_anatomy Disease affects, involves, or primarily manifests in an anatomical structure
disease_manifests_as_phenotype Disease has or presents with a phenotype or clinical feature
disease_related_to_disease Disease is related to another disease by comorbidity, shared etiology, simila...
disease_stage Disease stage or clinical context
disease_type
dorothea_confidence DoRothEA confidence level (A=high, D=low)
drug_name Preferred drug name
drug_targets_molecular_entity Drug, biologic, ASO, or other therapeutic agent targets a gene or protein
drug_treats_or_modulates_disease Drug treats, modifies, palliates, or is being investigated for a disease
drug_type Categorization (small molecule, biologic, ASO, cell therapy, gene therapy)
drugbank_id
effect_direction increased_risk, decreased_risk, protective, upregulated, downregulated, or un...
ensembl_id Ensembl gene identifier
epidemiological_support
evidence_count Number of supporting studies or records
evidence_source Specific study/publication supporting the statement
evidence_type Type of supporting evidence
exposure
exposure_associated_with_disease Environmental exposure or stressor is associated with disease risk or progres...
exposure_name Standard name of exposure/stressor
exposure_type Category (chemical, metal, pesticide, radiation, biological, other)
expression_level high, medium, low, absent, upregulated, downregulated, or not_detected
frequency Frequency of phenotype in affected individuals (e
function_name Molecular function name from GO
functional_consequence missense, frameshift, nonsense, splice_site, synonymous, repeat_expansion, or...
gene_associated_with_disease Gene has causal, risk, modifier, protective, or correlative association with ...
gene_encodes_protein Gene encodes a protein product
gene_expressed_in_anatomy Gene is expressed in an anatomical structure, tissue, or cell-type context
gene_has_molecular_function Gene or gene product has a molecular activity or function
gene_participates_in_process Gene or gene product participates in a biological process
genomic_pos_end GRCh38 end coordinate
genomic_pos_start GRCh38 start coordinate (1-based)
go_definition GO textual definition
go_id
has_anatomy Referenced anatomy entity in an association record
has_disease Referenced disease entity in an association record
has_drug Referenced drug entity in an association record
has_gene Referenced gene entity in an association record
has_pathway Referenced Reactome pathway entity in an association record
has_phenotype Referenced phenotype entity in an association record
has_prion_like_domain Contains intrinsically disordered prion-like region
has_protein Referenced protein entity in an association record
has_variant Referenced variant entity in an association record
hgnc_symbol Official HGNC gene symbol
hgvs_c HGVS coding sequence notation (e
hgvs_p HGVS protein notation (e
hpo_id HPO cross-reference
icd10_code ICD-10-CM code for billing/clinical use
id Unique identifier (IRI or URI)
inchi_key Standard InChIKey hash
indication Clinical indication
ingest_date Date of ETL ingest
inheritance_mode autosomal_dominant, autosomal_recessive, X_linked, mitochondrial, complex, or...
interaction_score Source-specific confidence score such as STRING combined score
interaction_type direct, indirect, physical, genetic, colocalization, pathway, or predicted
is_obsolete Whether this entity is deprecated/obsolete
label Human-readable label for the entity
last_updated Last modification date
log2_fold_change Differential expression log2 fold change when available
maf Minor allele frequency in gnomAD non-neuro cohort
mechanism Known mechanism of action
median_survival_months Median survival from symptom onset
mesh_id MeSH cross-reference
molecular_weight_kda Molecular weight in kDa
mondo_id MONDO cross-reference
n_patients Number of patients in subtype
name Disease name (preferred from MONDO)
ncbi_gene_id
object Object of the relationship (resource IRI)
odds_ratio Genetic association odds ratio when available
omim_id OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man) ID
onset_type
orphanet_id Orphanet rare disease identifier
outcome_measure ALSFRS-R, survival, respiratory function, biomarker, or other endpoint
p_value Statistical significance when available
parent_pathway Parent Reactome pathway CURIE when available
pathway_definition Reactome pathway description or summary when available
pathway_name Standard Reactome pathway name
pathway_role participant, catalyst, regulator, input, output, or member, when this detail ...
penetrance Complete, reduced, age-dependent, or unknown penetrance
population Population, geography, occupation, or cohort context
predicate Predicate / property type IRI
predicted_effect loss_of_function, gain_of_function, dominant_negative, aggregation_prone, no_...
process_name Standard process name from GO
protein_1
protein_2
protein_family Protein family classification (Pfam)
protein_interacts_with_protein Protein physically or functionally interacts with another protein
protein_localized_to_cellular_component Protein localizes to or is active in a cellular component
protein_name Protein name (UniProt recommended name)
protein_participates_in_pathway Protein participates in or is annotated to a Reactome pathway
reactome_evidence_code Reactome evidence code or inferred/electronic/manual annotation category when...
reactome_id
regulation_type activation, repression, bidirectional, context_dependent, or unknown
relation_type treats, disease_modifying, symptomatic, palliative, contraindicated, off_labe...
rsid dbSNP reference SNP ID
severity Severity scale
shared_mechanism Shared biological mechanism, pathway, or clinical rationale
signature_genes Top discriminative genes for subtype
similarity_score Semantic similarity or clinical overlap score from 0 to 1
smiles Canonical SMILES string
source Data source name
source_publication DOI or PMID reference
source_url URL to source resource
source_version Source version or release date
species Species for the Reactome pathway; expected to be Homo sapiens for human ALS K...
specificity_index Tissue-specificity score from 0 to 1
subcellular_location Cellular compartment(s) where protein is localized (e
subject Subject of the relationship (resource IRI)
subtype_id Custom subtype identifier
synonym Alternative names or labels
target Gene or protein target
target_gene
tf_family Structural family (C2H2-ZF, bHLH, Homeodomain, etc
tissue_or_cell_type Tissue or cell type context for the regulatory relationship
transcription_factor
transcription_factor_regulates_gene Transcription factor regulates the expression of a target gene
trial_status Highest clinical trial phase reached
uberon_id
umls_cui UMLS Concept Unique Identifier
uniprot_id
variant_affects_protein Sequence variant changes or is predicted to affect a protein product
variant_associated_with_disease Sequence variant has causal, risk, modifier, protective, or correlative assoc...
variant_type
xref Cross-reference to equivalent entity in another ontology

Enumerations

Enumeration Description
DiseaseTypeEnum
EvidenceTypeEnum
GeneTypeEnum
OnsetTypeEnum
RelationshipTypeEnum Standard relationship types following RDF/OWL semantics
VariantTypeEnum

Types

Type Description
Boolean A binary (true or false) value
ClinvarIdentifier ClinVar variation numeric ID
CtdIdentifier CTD chemical/stressor identifier
Curie a compact URI
Date a date (year, month and day) in an idealized calendar
DateOrDatetime Either a date or a datetime
Datetime The combination of a date and time
Decimal A real number with arbitrary precision that conforms to the xsd:decimal speci...
Double A real number that conforms to the xsd:double specification
DrugBankIdentifier DrugBank primary identifier (e
Float A real number that conforms to the xsd:float specification
GoIdentifier Gene Ontology term identifier (e
HpoIdentifier HPO phenotype term identifier (e
Integer An integer
Jsonpath A string encoding a JSON Path
Jsonpointer A string encoding a JSON Pointer
MondoIdentifier MONDO disease ontology identifier (e
NcbiGeneIdentifier NCBI Entrez Gene numeric ID
Ncname Prefix part of CURIE
Nodeidentifier A URI, CURIE or BNODE that represents a node in a model
Objectidentifier A URI or CURIE that represents an object in the model
ReactomeIdentifier Reactome stable pathway identifier as a CURIE (e
Sparqlpath A string encoding a SPARQL Property Path
String A character string
Time A time object represents a (local) time of day, independent of any particular...
UberonIdentifier UBERON anatomy ontology identifier
UniprotIdentifier UniProt accession identifier
Uri a complete URI
Uriorcurie a URI or a CURIE

Subsets

Subset Description